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Rezistence bázlivce kukuřičného k vybraným účinným látkám insekticidů
Tobek, František
The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the resistance of the western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera Le Conte 1858) to selected active ingredients of insecticides in 2022. The tested active ingredients were lambda-cyhalothrin and indoxacarb according to IRAC (Insecticide Resistance Action Committee) testing methodology No. 011 and No. 027 (adult vial test). Different concentrations of active ingredients were applied, their percentage efficacy, lethal doses and degree of resistance of the population were statistically evaluated by the Polo Plus 2.0 programme. Based on the results, it was found that western corn rootworm populations are susceptible or moderately resistant to lambda-cyhalothrin. A large variability in the sensitivity of individual populations has been demonstrated for indoxacarb. There were highly susceptible populations, but also moderately resistant to this ingredient. Currently, only active ingredients from the pyrethroid group are allowed in the Czech Republic, therefore the use of indoxacarb is not possible. Repeated use of the same active ingredients leads to the selection of resistant populations.
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Rezistence škůdců obilnin z řádu brouků k vybraným insekticidům
Gerla, Martin
Diploma thesis about a resistance of insect pests of cereals from order bugs against individ-ual insecticides is focused on resistance of western corn root worm (Diabrotica virgifera vir-gifera LeConte, 1868) against individual active ingredients. As active ingredients have been chosen lambda-cyhalothrin (from group of pyrethroids) and indoxacarb (from group of oxadiazines). Collecting of adult bugs happened in seven locations of Jihomoravský kraj on field with corn (Zea mays) in 2022. The testing of resistance has been done regarding methods of IRAC (Insecticide Resistance Action Committee) number 11 and 27. These methods are also known as an adult vial test. Laboratory efficacy, level of resistance and lethal doses have been assessed by Polo Plus 2. 0. programme. Mostly, highly susceptible and susceptible populations have been found against indoxacarb and lambda-cyhalothrin. The only exception was found in Velké Bílovice, where has been found a population with medium resistance against active ingredient lamda-cyhalothrin.
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Vliv mikroklimatických podmínek na dynamiku růstových fází a výskyt vybraných škodlivých činitelů u hybridů kukuřice
Bureš, Stanislav
The thesis deals with microclimate monitoring in maize canopy on a family farm BUREŠ in Švábenice (Vyškov region). Two meteostations were placed in two localities in Švábenice area. The measurement was done in a field trial with maize hybrids and on an ordinary production field. Data from a standard meteorological station situated on the farm area were used for additional calculations. Air temperature, humidity and soil temperature were measured in a vertical vegetation profile. The onset of phenophases and occurrence of pests were monitored simultaneously. The results show that using microclimate monitoring in maize stand is suitable for a pest occurence prediction, however, it is not fully applicable for the maize phenophases onset estimation.
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Rostlinolékařské aspekty zvýšeného zastoupení kukuřice v pilotním zemědělském podniku
Bureš, Stanislav
The aim of the thesis was to describe and sum up the risk of an increased occurrence of maize in a sowing plan at BUREŠ farm in Švábenice in Vyškov area. The sum of effective temperature (SET) was calculated for the period between 1st January 2014 and the first appearance of western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera). The temperature was measured in 0,3 m, 2 m and in the effective height using HOBO sensors. The data from a multi-purpose station from Teranos ALA network located at the farm and from the nearest meteorological station in Ivanovice na Hané was processed. Then the SET was calculated for lower threshold temperature development 5 and 10 degrees. The figures were interpreted and can be used to predict the occurrence of the corn rootworm in next years.
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Biologické metody ochrany kukuřice před bázlivcem kukuřičným Diabrotica virgifera
Doležalová, Jana
This work focuses on verifying the efficacy of the protection product Dianem (includes bioagens Heterorhabditis bacteriophora) in maize targeted against corn rootworm larvae which cause characteristic damage to stalks. The tests were initiated in April 2014 in south Moravia in three locations - Otrokovice, Čejč and Hostěradice -- in pursuance of experiments. Dianem was applied during sowing, the same way as chemical protection product Force in the chemical protection variant. The number of beetles hatched from larvae caugh in the textile cage K (untreated control), D (biologic control) and CH (chemical control) were evaluated in the tests. The evaluation took place from mid July to September in Čejč and Hostěradice where there was no statistically significant difference in the number of hatched beetles from soil in individual variants. At the end of July, goosenecks were evaluated in Otrokovice and Čejč. There was no statistically significant difference in Otrokovice between the treated and control variant. On the other hand, there was a statistically highly significant impact of Dianem in Čejč. Another part of the tests was monitoring the corn rootworm using pheromone traps Csalomon PAL.
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Regulation of diapause in the western corn rootworm (\kur{Diabrotica virgifera virgifera} LeConte)
HOUFKOVÁ, Kateřina
The thesis aims to optimize the methods of laboratory culture and to fill in the gaps in knowledge of D. virgifera virgifera ecophysiology. The experiments on embryology and development proved that the diapause of D. virgifera virgifera is of obligatory type and can be terminated by exposure to long-day conditions (20:4; photo : scotophase) and constant temperature of 25 °C. Approximately 10% of eggs completed the development to adults within 4 months. Besides numerous other environmental conditions that are discussed, temperature seems to be a key factor influencing longevity in this pest. Higher temperature of 25 °C prolonged survival by more than 20 days in 2015, compared to 22 °C in 2014.
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